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INTER-VLAN ROUTING


 WHAT IS INTER-VLAN ROUTING

INTER-VLAN ROUTING IS THE ABILITY TO ROUTE, OR SEND, TRAFFIC BETWEEN VLANS THAT ARE NORMALLY BLOCKED BY DEFAULT.

ROUTER ON A STICK (ROAS) IS A TECHNIQUE USED IN NETWORKING TO CONNECT MULTIPLE VLANS TO A SINGLE PHYSICAL INTERFACE ON A ROUTER.

THIS IS ACHIEVED BY CREATING SUB-INTERFACES ON THE PHYSICAL INTERFACE, WITH EACH SUB-INTERFACE REPRESENTING A DIFFERENT VLAN. 

EACH SUB-INTERFACE IS THEN ASSIGNED AN IP ADDRESS FROM THE CORRESPONDING VLAN SUBNET.

SWITCHES AND VLANS WORK AT THE MAC ADDRESS LAYER (LAYER 2). 
TRAFFIC CAN'T BE ROUTED BETWEEN VLANS AT LAYER 2 BASED ON MAC ADDRESSES.

IN A LAN ENVIRONMENT, VLANS DIVIDE BROADCAST DOMAINS. WHEN A HOST IN ONE VLAN MUST COMMUNICATE WITH A HOST IN ANOTHER VLAN, THE TRAFFIC MUST BE ROUTED BETWEEN THEM. 
THIS TYPE OF ROUTING IS CALLED INTER-VLAN ROUTING.

INTERVLAN IS A MECHANISM IN WHICH DIFFERENT VLANS CAN COMMUNICATE TO EACH OTHER.

______________________

CONFIGURATION

STEP 1 

CONFIGURES VLAN ON SWITCH. 
ASSIGN PORTS THEM.

STEP 2

ROUTER INTERFACE  ASSIGN IP ADDRESS. 
PING DIFFERENYS VLAN.

___________________

STEP 1

1. GO TO SWITCH AND CREAT A VLAN'S (VLAN 10 AND 20) NAME (IT AND HR).
2. ASSIGN A PORT IN VLAN'S INTER FA0/2 VLAN 10 , AND FA0/3 VLAN 30.


GO TO SWITCH (CONFIGURATION) MODE AND ENTER THA COMMANDS.

CREAT VLAN'S

Switch(config)#  vlan 10

Switch(config-vlan)#  name IT

Switch(config-vlan)#  vlan 20

Switch(config-vlan)#  name HR

ASSIGN PORTS IN VLAN

Switch(config-vlan)#  inter fa0/2

Switch(config-if)#  switchport mode access

Switch(config-if)#  switchport access vlan 10

Switch(config-if)#  inter fa0/3

Switch(config-if)#  switchport mode access

Switch(config-if)#  switchport access vlan 20

Switch(config-if)#  inter fa0/1

Switch(config-if)#  switchport mode trunk

CHECK VLAN'S

Switch#  sh vlan


STEP 2

GO TO ROUTER (CONFIGURATION) MODE AND ENTER COMMANDS.

Router(config)# inter fa0/0

Router(config-if)#  no shutdown

Router(config-if)# inter fa0/0.1

Router(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 10

Router(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 


BASICALLY 10 IS A VLAN NUMBER

 

Router(config-if)# inter fa0/0.2

Router(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1q 20

Router(config-subif)# ip address 100.100.100.1 255.0.0.0


GO TO VLAN 10 (PC) AND PING TO VLAN 20 (LAPTOP) MEANS THAT

192.168.1.2 PING IS 100.100.100.2


GO TO PC DESKTOP AND CLICK COMMAND PROMPT AND ENTER THE COMMANDS IS.


C:\> ping 100.100.100.2



TO SEE IT COMMUNICATION  WITH DIFFERENT VLAN'S


SO CONFIGURATION INTER-VLAN ROUTING IS COMPLETED.


___________________ 




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